Question

醫(yī)療上常用的生理鹽水是質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為0.9%（密度近似為1g/cm³）的氯化鈉溶液，配制500mL這種生理鹽水，求需氯化鈉和水的質(zhì)量．

Answer 1

解：500mL=500cm³，溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量=溶液質(zhì)量×溶質(zhì)的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)，配制質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為0.9%（密度近似為1g/cm³）的氯化鈉溶液500mL，需氯化鈉的質(zhì)量=1g/cm³×500cm³×0.9%=4.5g；溶劑質(zhì)量=溶液質(zhì)量-溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量，則所需水的質(zhì)量=500g-4.5g=495.5g．
答：需氯化鈉和水的質(zhì)量分別為4.5g、495.5g．
分析：利用溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量=溶液質(zhì)量×溶質(zhì)的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)，可根據(jù)溶液的質(zhì)量和溶質(zhì)的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)計(jì)算配制溶液所需要的溶質(zhì)的質(zhì)量；再根據(jù)溶劑質(zhì)量=溶液質(zhì)量-溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量即可求得水的質(zhì)量．
點(diǎn)評：本題難度不大，掌握溶質(zhì)的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)的有關(guān)計(jì)算并能靈活運(yùn)用是正確解答本題的關(guān)鍵．