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科目：初中英語 來源：2011年山東省聊城市中考英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解
A new study suggests that the more teenagers watch television, the more likely they are to develop depression (抑郁癥) as young adults.
The researchers used a national long-term survey of healthy young teenagers of about 13—16 to find out the relationship between media(媒體) use and depression. They based their findings on more than 4000 young teenagers who were not depressed when the survey began in 1995.
As part of the survey, the young people were asked how many hours of television or videos they watched daily. They were also asked how often they played computer games and listened to the radio. Here was the result. The young people spent five and a half hours a day using media and more than 2 hours of that was spent watching TV.
Seven years later, in 2001, more than 7% of the young people had signs of depression. The average age at that time was 21. Brian Primack at the University of Pittsburgh medical school was the lead author of the new study. He says every extra hour of television meant an 8% increase in the chances of developing signs of depression.
The researchers say they did not find any such relationship with the use of other media such as movies, video games or radio. But the study did find that young men were more likely than young women to develop depression given the same amount of media use.
Doctor Primack says the study did not find out if watching TV causes depression directly. But one possibility, he says, is that it may take time away from activities that could help prevent depression, like sports and social activities. It might also prevent a person from sleeping well, he says, and that could have an influence.
The study was just published in the Archives of General Psychiatry.
In December, the journal Social Indicators Research published a study of activities that help lead to happy lives. Researchers from the University of Maryland found that people who describe themselves as happy spend less time watching television than unhappy people. The study found that happy people are more likely to be socially active, to read, attend social services and to vote.
| Process of the study | Details |
| The purpose of the research | To find out 【小題1】 between media use and depression |
| At the beginning of the research | 【小題2】was made among over 4000 young people who were not depressed. |
| The result of the survey | These young people spent five and a half hours a day in using media and they spent over 2 hours or that 【小題3】 |
| Seven years later | Researchers found 7% of the young people had a sign of depression. Every extra hour of watching TV meant an 8% increase in the chances of developing signs of depression. |
| Results of the study | 1. Watching TV might have 【小題4】 and it may take time away from activities and sports. 2. Young men get more chance than young women to develop depression. 3. The reason some people get depression is that 【小題5】 |
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科目：初中英語 來源：2014屆浙江溫中實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校九年級第一次模擬英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解
In the 1920s and 30s the airlines were just beginning. It was unusual for people to travel by air because it was expensive and dangerous. In those days, there were no flight attendants to look after the passengers(乘客). Young men ,or “stewards” helped the passengers onto the airplane and carried the passengers’ luggage(行李)but they did not provide food or drinks. But then in 1930,a woman called Ellen Church invented the “stewardess”.
Ellen Church was born in 1904 on a farm in Iowa. She was a different child. She didn’t want to work on a farm or marry a farmer —she wanted a more adventurous life. Ellen studied to be a nurse at the University of Minnesota and then got a job in a hospital. For the next few years she stayed at the hospital but also took flying lessons and got her pilot’s license.
Ellen was twenty-five years old when she first got in touch with Boeing Air Transport. She loved flying but she understood that airlines were a man’s world. Although women like Emelia Earheart were becoming famous, she realized it was impossible for a woman to have a career as a pilot .But she had another idea. Most people were frightened of flying because. flying was still an unreliable(不可靠的) way to travel. There were often delays(延誤),many crashes and the bad weathers made many passengers sick. Ellen thought nurses could take care of passengers during flights and B.A.T. agreed.
The young woman from Iowa and seven other nurses became the first air stewardesses.
At first pilots were unhappy because they did not want stewardesses on airplanes, but passengers loved the stewardesses. In 1940 there were around 1000 of them working for different airlines. The early “stewardesses” had to be under twenty-five-year-old, single and slim. When a woman joined an airline, she had to promise not to get married or have children. It was a hard job and not well paid. They worked long hours and earned ＄1 an hour.
In the 1970s, stewardesses were unhappy in their job and airlines had to make some changes. Since the 1970s, “stewardesses” have been called flight attendants. They are well paid and work fewer hours than in the past.
1.The underlined word “adventurous” means _____________.
A. 奇怪的?????? B. 平淡的????? C. 有趣的????? D. 冒險(xiǎn)的
2.The main reason for Boeing Air Transport offering Ellen the job was ________.
A. her flying experience????????????? ????????????? ????????????? B. her university education
C. her nursing experience ????????????? ????????????? D. her life attitudes
3.According to the passage, in the 1940s a woman had to ________ if she wanted to be a stewardess.
A. be a nurse????????????? ????????????? ????????????? B. be married????????????? ????????????? C. be a mother????????????? ????????????? ????????????? D. be young
4.The passage mainly talks about _______.
A. the background of early flying pilots????????????? ?????????????
B. the experience of flying passengers
C. the history of early flight attendants????????????? ?????????????
D. the development of airplanes
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科目：初中英語 來源：2012年人教版初中英語八年級下冊第八單元練習(xí)卷 題型：閱讀理解
閱讀理解
In almost every big university in the United States football is a favorite sport. American football is not like soccer.
Players sometimes kick the ball, but they also throw the ball and run with it. They try to take it to the other end of the field. They have four chances to move the ball ten yards. They can carry it or throw it. If they move it to the end of the field, they receive six points. This is called a touch—down. It is difficult to move the ball. Eleven men on the team try to stop the man who has the ball. If the man does not move the ball ten yards, his team kicks the ball to the other team.
Each university wants its team to win. Thousands of people come to watch. They all yell for their favorite team. Young men and women called cheerleaders come on the field to help the people yell more. They dance and jump while they yell.
Each team plays ten or eleven games each season. The season begins in September and ends in November. If a team is very good, it may play another game after the season ends. The best teams play again on January 1st, the first day of the New Year. Many people go to see these games and many others watch them on television
1.In American football players can ___.
|
A．only kick the ball |
|
B．only throw the ball |
|
C．only carry the ball |
|
D．kick, throw and carry the ball |
2. If a team wants to get points, it has to move the ball ___.
|
A．10 yards |
B．to the other end |
|
C．40 yards |
D．a(chǎn)way from its own end |
3. Who are dancing and jumping while they yell?
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A．The cheerleaders. |
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B．All those who are watching the game. |
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C．The winners. |
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D．The players of both sides. |
4. Most teams play games in ___.
|
A．spring |
B．summer |
C．a(chǎn)utumn |
D．winter |
5. When do the best teams play again?
|
A．At Christmas. |
B．Before the season ends. |
|
C．On New Year’s Day |
D．On the last day of season |
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