Throughout history, people have been interested in knowing how language first began, but no one knows exactly where or how this happened. However, we do know a lot about languages, the language of today and also the languages of earlier times. There are probably about three thousand languages in the world today. Chinese is the language with the most speakers. English, Russian and Spanish are also spoken by millions of people. On the other hand, some languages in the world have less than one hundred speakers.
There are several important families of languages in the world. For example, most of the languages of Europe are in one large family called Indo-European. The original language of this family was spoken about 4,500 years ago. Many of the present-day languages of Europe and India are modern forms of the language of 4,500 years ago.
Languages are always changing. The English of today is very different from the English of 500 years ago. In time, some even die out completely. About 1,000 years ago, English was a little known relative of German spoken on one of the borders of Europe.
If a language has a number of speakers, or if it is very old, there may be differences in the way it is spoken in different areas. That is, the language may have several dialects. Chinese is a good example of dialect differences. Chinese has been spoken for thousands of years by many millions of people. The differences between the dialects of Chinese are so great that speakers of Chinese from some parts of China can’t understand speakers from other parts.
【小題1】The first paragraph mainly tells us that_______.
| A．most people in the world speak Chinese |
| B．there are thousands of languages in today’s world |
| C．man has much knowledge about languages |
| D．some people know several languages |
| A．will soon die out completely |
| B．were once a relative of English |
| C．a(chǎn)re no longer spoken |
| D．come from the same family of language. |
| A．Chinese is the language with the most speakers. |
| B．English was a well-known relative of German spoken on one of the borders of Europe. |
| C．A language has many speakers, but there may be no differences in the way it is spoken in different areas. |
| D．Speakers of Chinese from some parts of China can understand speakers from other parts. |
| A．there are great differences between the dialects of Chinese |
| B．Chinese and many foreign languages are not of the same family |
| C．Chinese is a very old language |
| D．there are great differences between the old Chinese and the present-day Chinese |
| A．a(chǎn) special language spoken by Chinese |
| B．the sign used by Chinese people in a special area |
| C．the difference between the old and today’s Chinese |
| D．the form of a language used in one part of the country |
科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：
| A．how much petrol was needed to fill the tank | B．the speed the car was going |
| C．which trip used the most petrol | D．how far the car travelled |
| A．8 a.m. | B．9 a.m. | C．4 p.m. | D．6 p.m. |
| A．45 litres of petrol | B．40 litres of petrol |
| C．35 litres of petrol | D．10 litres of petrol |
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科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
| A．The doctors. | B．The patient. | C．The writer. | D．The patient’s family. |
| A．She stayed at home to have a good rest. |
| B．She went to the doctor’s for advice. |
| C．She turned to her family for comfort. |
| D．She stayed all day with her child. |
| A．Because she left her child a special memory. |
| B．Because she realized her child had grown up. |
| C．Because she was proud of what her child had done. |
| D．Because she expected the surgery to be successful. |
| A．her mother was ill again | B．the surgery was unsuccessful |
| C．her mother was getting better | D．the surgery was simple |
| A．Hardworking. | B．Famous. | C．Rich. | D．Great. |
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科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
| A．Directions for making something. |
| B．Maths problems. |
| C．Science and history books. |
| D．Storybooks, newspapers, personal letters, etc. |
| A．To read as fast as you can. |
| B．To fit your reading speed to your needs. |
| C．To read as slowly as possible. |
| D．To keep your reading at a certain speed. |
| A．Something about Careful Reading |
| B．Be a Rapid Reader. |
| C．How to Read? |
| D．How to Be a Slow Reader? |
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科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
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科目：初中英語 來源：2012-2013學年江蘇省無錫市北塘區(qū)九年級中考二模英語卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解
It is common to believe that learning just takes place in school, but much of human learning happens outside the classroom, even from birth and people continue to learn throughout their lives.
Even before they enter school, young children learn to walk, to talk, and to use their hands to use toys, food, and other objects. They use all of their senses to learn about the sights, sounds, tastes, and smells in their environments. They learn how to communicate with their parents, grandparents, siblings, friends, and other people important to their world. When they enter school, children learn subjects like reading, writing, and maths. They also continue to learn a lot outside the classroom. They learn which behaviors are likely to be rewarded and which are likely to be punished. They learn social skills for communicating with other children. After they finish school, people must learn to deal with many changes that affect their lives, such as getting married, raising children, and finding and keeping a job.
Because learning continues throughout our lives and influences almost everything we do, the study of learning is important in many different fields. Teachers need to understand the best ways to educate children. Scientists, social workers and other human service workers need to understand how certain experiences change people’s behaviors.
Learning is closely related (相關的) to memory, which is the storage(儲存) of information in the brain (大腦). Scientists who study memory are interested in how the brain stores knowledge, where this storage takes place, and how the brain later offers knowledge when we need it. However, scientists who study learning are more interested in behavior and how behavior changes as a result of a person’s experiences. ?
1.The underlined word “siblings” in Paragraph 2 probably means _________.
A．teachers B．classmates C．doctors D．brothers or sisters
2.When do children begin to know to behave well according to the passage?
A．After they go into society. B．Before they enter school.
C．When they are at school. D．Before they are born.
3.Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage?
A．As a matter of fact, learning begins at a person’s birth and last the whole life.
B．Teachers need to understand the best ways to educate their students.
C．People need to understand how certain experiences change their behaviors.
D．Social workers need to study how experiences affect people’s thoughts.
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