Question

What makes us who we are? This question has two different answers. One is the environment that surrounds us when we grow up, and the other is our genes (基因). In English, this is called the “nature vs nurture debate(辯論)”. Nature means genes, and nurture means environment, including the people around you.
There is a famous saying: “Give me a child until the age of 7 and I’ll show you the man.” Now, there is a scientific research to support this famous saying.
They watched small birds in new environments, and wrote down how much they explored(探索). Birds that grew up with very outgoing birds were more outgoing themselves. Scientists at the universities of Exeter, UK and Hamburg, Germany did studies on birds. They found that their personalities（個性） were affected most by the birds around them when they grew up – more so than genes.
Nick Royle from the University of Exeter in the UK said the research was surprising because it shows that “for these birds, personality is mainly determined（決定） by environment.” However, human personalities are a lot more complicated than birds, so there is much we still don’t know. The nature vs nurture debate will continue for a long time, if not forever.
小題1:The famous saying in the passage tells us _________.
A.A 7-year-old boy can do things as well as an adult.
B.An adult can be influenced and changed by a 7-year-old boy.
C.The environment in the early part of our life has the biggest influence on our adult life.
小題2:Nick Royle is a(n) ______ scientist.
A. American   B. British   C. German
小題3:What do the scientists think of the research?
A. Outgoing.    B. Exciting.    C. Surprising.
小題4:What does the underlined word “complicated” mean?
A. 有趣的  B. 類似的  C. 復雜的
小題5:Which is NOT TRUE according to the passage?
A. The environment and genes affect our personality.
B. The scientists are sure that the environment influences the human personality more than the genes do.
C. The nurture means the environment .

Answer 1

小題1:C
小題2:B
小題3:C
小題4:C
小題5:B

試題分析：本文是通過對人的成長是基因重要還是環境重要，列出了各自的觀點和專家們調查研究的結果。通過知明的科學家研究發現，有實驗證明是先天的基因重要，有的實驗證明是后天的環境重要，面對兩種對立的說法，現在還沒有一個真正的說法。
小題1:細節理解題。問題：短文中著名的諺語告訴我們什么了？分析原文：Give me a child until the age of 7 and I’ll show you the man.句意：一個孩子長到七歲就能看到他的以后（還可譯成七歲看到老）。通過對全文的理解， 在我們長大后的性格形成，小時候的環境影響是最大的。 因此第三項符合。故選C
小題2:細節理解題。問題：尼克 羅伊爾是哪個國家的科學家？分析原文：Nick Royle from the University of Exeter in the UK.句意：來自英國埃克塞特大學的尼克·羅伊爾。分析：UK（United Kingdom）n. 英國.
故選 B
小題3:細節理解題。問題：科學家們如何評價這個調查結果的？分析：理解全文，對于先天因素與后的因素的研究持續了很長時間，但是在研究中科學家們總有很大的發現，因此是每一次研究都有很驚奇的結果。故選C
小題4:細節理解題。問題：劃線詞在短文中的意思？分析原文：human personalities are a lot more complicated than birds, so there is much we still don’t know.句意：人類的性格比鳥類的性格更復雜，所以我們現在還不知道其中真正的原因。故選C
小題5:細節理解題。問題：通過短文描述的理解，下列描述錯誤的是哪一項？分析原文：The nature vs nurture debate will continue for a long time, if not forever.句意：先天因素和后天因素，對人的性格影響爭論將會持續很長一段時間。故選B