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I'm confused these days. We are taught at home and at school that using violence(暴力) is the least civilized(文明的) way to solve problems. For example, last week I thought about hitting my friend for winning a beautiful shell while we were playing at the beach. I talked with him instead and we came to an agreement. If two adults had a disagreement, and if they used violence towards each other in order to win, is it all right?

When two countries disagree, they often fight a war. Why is using violence not okay at home, at school, or in your country but okay between countries? So many people have been killed because of wars, not only soldiers but ordinary people, even small children and babies. And refugees(難民) exist, too.

A war is a great violence, like two people fighting over a shell, just much bigger. Adults say they are fighting wars in order to solve problems and make peace. But can you really “make peace” by killing so many people? I don't think bombs(炸彈) can reach people's hearts and change them. Bombs can't create love and caring, and that's what we need in the world. Why do adults use violence so quickly? Why can't they use their wisdom(智慧) and talk it over?

Adults might say that things are not that easy. But they are the ones that teach us to be kind, not to hurt people, and not to kill. Why don't they act as what they say?

---A page from a 12-year-old boy, Joshua's diary.

1.At the beach, Joshua .

A.hit his friend

B.won a beautiful shell

C.played with a beautiful shell

D.came to an agreement with his friend

2.What's the key to peace in Joshua's opinion?

A.Love and care for each other

B.Don't use violence so quickly

C.Stop using bombs in wars

D.Don't hurt or kill people in wars

3.What does the sentence “Bombs can't create love and caring ,and that's what we need in the world.” mean?

A.We need to use violence to solve problems

B.What we need is bombs

C.We need bombs to create love and caring

D.What we need in the world is love and caring

4.From the reading we can see Joshua wants adults to .

A.learn from children

B.be children's models

C.be kind to children

D.teach children how to solve problems

5.Choose the best title(標題) for the passage.

A.Adults and Wars B.How to Stop Wars

C.Wars Can't Make Peace D.Ways of Solving Problems

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科目：初中英語 來源：2019年江蘇省南京市建鄴區中考一模英語試卷 題型：閱讀單選

The fire at Notre Dame Cathedral(巴黎圣母院) in Paris has raised questions about the condition of thousands of other historic buildings across Europe. It also raises questions about whether European governments are doing enough to keep up and care for such buildings.

Some people say the fire last month was a wake-up call, not just for Europe, but the whole world. Large fires have long robbed humanity of knowledge, art and treasures. One example is the fire at the famous library of Alexandria in northern Egypt about 1700 years ago.

In 2015, the German engineering company Siemens found that Scotland had about 10 serious fires a year, while England lost at least twelve listed buildings a year. In Germany, 70 historic buildings have been destroyed since 2000.

And all too often, fires happen while old buildings are being repaired. Experts say that what is needed is continuous attention and maintenance(維護). These steps, if taken, could help avoid the need for major repairing work.

But regular attention and maintenance costs money.

Part of the problem comes from the shortage of money provided by governments after the 2008 financial crisis (金融危機). As a result, governments are increasingly looking for rich companies to keep up these historic buildings.

“We do need more money, but this is a shared duty for governments, businesses and citizens across Europe,” said an officer from the European Union.

Some say world-famous monuments like Notre Dame are the driving force behind tourism and should get more respect. People have noticed the importance of such respect.

“Historic buildings are a gold mine(礦). You cannot explore it and then just leave the mine and go to another one. It is something you really have to value,” the officer said.

1.After the fire at Notre Dame Cathedral, more attention is paid to_________ .

A.European governments B.famous libraries

C.engineering companies D.the old buildings

2.According to the passage, one of the biggest enemies of cultural treasures is________.

A.robbers B.fires C.money D.tourists

3.“These steps” in Paragraph 4 refer to (指代)___________.

A.attention and maintenance B.careful repairing work

C.enough respect from people D.serious financial crisis

4.The officer thinks _______should accept the duty of caring for these famous monuments.

A.citizens around the world B.the European governments

C.rich European businesses D.the whole European society

5.The purpose of writing this article is to ask everyone to____________.