Why must we pay taxes? The answer is that the government needs money for many things, for example to pay its soldiers, sailors and airmen, to build roads, bridges, offices, schools, etc and to buy goods from abroad; and only the people of the country can supply the money．One of the most important taxes is income-tax which a person pays according to the amount of his income-tax．Whether he is a businessman, a doctor, a lawyer, a shopkeeper, a miner, or anything else．This is called a “direct” tax, because it is paid in money direct to the government．
Another tax is paid on goods such as watches, jewellery, new clothes, tobacco, wine, etc, when they are brought into a country, such a tax is paid as part of the price of these goods if they are later sold in shops．We call it “indirect” tax, because it is paid indirectly through the shopkeeper．
People usually complain about having to pay taxes, but they forget that the money is spent on the things that they and their families need．We need policemen to catch thieves, to see that men obey the laws, to direct traffic, etc, and they must be paid what they earn; children need education and there must be schools and teachers; we want our streets to be kept clean, and the wages of men who do this kind of work have to be paid．Above all, the country must always be ready to defend itself against attacking enemies, and we cannot have an army without paying for it．
Taxes, therefore, cannot be avoided．We buy our own food and clothes and pay for our own amusements, but there are several things that the State finds the money for, and that are necessary for us if our society is to continue．So we have no real cause to complain when we are asked to supply money to be spent for the good of ourselves and for our fellow-citizens．
1.Indirect tax means _______．
A．tax that one pays direct to the government
B．tax that is not paid directly to the government
C．tax that is paid as an extra amount added to the price of certain goods
D．Both B and C
2.Which of the following is right?
A．Taxes are paid to the sellers．
B．Income-tax is an indirect tax．
C．The tax on new clothes is paid in money direct to the government．
D．Tax is amount of money that you have to pay to the government so that it can pay for public services．
3.People have no real reason to complain about having to pay taxes because _______．
A．some shopkeepers are very rich
B．they need money to buy goods from abroad
C．their children need education
D．the money is spent on the things that they and their families need
科目：高中英語 來源：設計必修二英語北師版 北師版 題型：001
聽力測試
聽下面5段材料。每段材料后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段材料前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各個小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段材料讀兩遍。
聽第1段材料，回答第1～3題。
W：Don’t you have any good news?
M：No．Yesterday, I had to stay after school, because I was talking during my biology teacher’s class．
W：You’d better keep quiet during class．
M：Sometimes I do．The day before yesterday, I was very quiet during my history teacher’s class and I still had to stay after class．
W：I don’t understand．
M：Because I fell asleep during his class, but it wasn’t my fault．The lesson was very dull．
W：I advise you to take school more seriously．If you don’t pass your exam, you’ll have to go out and work as a result．
M：I don’t see that it makes much difference．If I have a job, I have to do dull work every day, but if I’m in school I must listen to dull teachers every day．
1．What is the possible relationship between the man and woman?
A．Good friends．
B．Mother and son．
C．Teacher and student．
2．What did the boy often do at school?
A．He was often late for school．
B．He often fell asleep in class．
C．He often stayed after class．
3．Which of the following statements is true?
A．The boy prefers to go out and work．
B．The boy has neither interest in school nor in work．
C．The boy is discouraged because he hasn’t passed the exam．
聽第2段材料，回答第4～6題。
M：How long have you been studying English?
W：For about six years．I started when I was ten．My teacher was from America．He was a very good teacher．I enjoyed studying English with him．
M：Are you still studying English?
W：Yes, I go to an evening school now．
M：How often do you have classes?
W：Twice a week usually．
M：Do you find English difficult?
W：Yes, it’s rather difficult, I think．Do I make many mistakes?
M：No, your English is very good．Do you often listen to the radio?
W：Yes, I listen to the radio every night．
M：Do you enjoy reading English books?
W：Yes, I read a lot of English books．But I prefer conversation．I like talking to foreigners．
4．How old is the girl?
A．Fifteen．
B．Sixteen．
C．Seventeen．
5．What does the woman think of the study of English?
A．Interesting．
B．Easy．
C．Hard．
6．What did the woman enjoy most?
A．Listening．
B．Writing．
C．Talking．
聽第3段材料，回答第7～9題。
M：You look worried．Is anything the matter?
W：It’s my son．He hasn’t come home yet．I can’t understand him being so late．
M：Where’s he gone?
W：To visit a friend．I didn’t want him to go．I don’t like him going out at night．
M：Well, it isn’t very late．
W：It’s nine o’clock．I expected him to be back about eight．And it’s already dark．
M：Well…
W：I can just imagine him losing his way．Or falling off his bicycle．
M：Er…how old is your son?
W：Thirty-five．
7．Why does the woman look worried?
A．Her son has lost his way．
B．Her son hasn’t come back yet．
C．Her son has gone out at night．
8．Where has her son gone?
A．To school．
B．For a ride．
C．To visit a friend．
9．What do you think has happened to the woman’s son?
A．He has got lost．
B．He has fallen off his bicycle．
C．We don’t know．
聽第4段材料，回答第10～12題。
W：We’re thinking about putting on a show this spring．
M：Do you think you’ll be able to make some money?
W：Oh, no, we just want to do it for the fun of it．You know there are a lot of us who like to get up a stage and perform．
M：What kind of show?
W：A musical play．
M：Have you decided who to do it?
W：We have three in mind, and of course we’ve been thinking about you．
M：Me? Why me?
W：You sing, don’t you? Everyone says you have a wonderful voice．
M：Well, I have sung a little, but I’ve never really appeared on a stage．
W：I thought you sang in church every Sunday．
M：That’s different．There are so many others singing too．
W：Then here’s your chance to find out how good you are．And not just to sing but to act and dance too．
M：Oh, it might be exciting．
10．What will they put on a show for?
A．For money．
B．For fun．
C．For others．
11．What can we conclude from the dialogue?
A．They want to put on three shows in all．
B．Three people will appear in the play．
C．They will sing three songs in the play．
12．What can we learn about the man?
A．He’ll sing and dance in the show．
B．He often gets up a stage．
C．He sings pop songs for money．
聽第5段材料，回答第13～15題。
Now back to the news．
Ten people died yesterday morning when a boat sank off the Gold Sand Coast．Eight were able to swim to the shore and were saved by the coast guard．The boat was on its way to Beill Island．
Police are looking for a man and a woman in their early twenties who broke into a bank in the early hours this morning．This was reported by people working in the shop opposite who heard the breaking of glass．Two people were seen running away．The man is said to be very well-built, with dark hair which is very long．The woman with him is said to be small with short hair cut very close to her head．She was wearing blue trousers and a brown jacket．Anyone who has any information please gives further details to the police．
13．What were the eight people doing after the boat sank?
A．Saving the others．
B．Swimming to the shore．
C．Helping the captain．
14．When did the robbers break into the bank?
A．In the afternoon．
B．At midnight．
C．Early in the morning．
15．What was said about the man?
A．Tall and strong．
B．Strong with long hair．
C．Fat and well built．
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：
對話填空（每小題1分，滿分10分）
閱讀下面對話，掌握其大意，并根據所給首字母的提示，在標有題號的右邊橫線上寫出一個英語單詞的完整、正確形式，使對話通順。
A：Hello. How are you today？ I h you weren't yourself last week.
B：I'm much b now, Thank you.
A：What was the m ？ Nothing serious, I hope.
B：Oh, no ,I had a bad cold and had to stay in bed for two days.
A：I hope it was the last cold of w and not the first cold of spring. What about your friend, Ann？I heard she was ill, too
B：She was ill, but now she's all right. I think she carried my cold.
A：Everybody seems to have one now ,I guess it's b of the sudden change of weather, One day hot and the next day cold.
B：And very windy, too. That's why I'm w a sweater today. What do you think of it？
A：It certainly looks wonderful. It must have cost a lot. W did you buy it？
B：Oh ,I got it at a sale ,It was quite cheap.
A：Really! Well, Mary, I must say it suits you very well, What a p that I can't get o
for my wife.
B：Why not？ Maybe I can help you find one for your wife some day.
A：Thanks a lot ,I'm really thinking of s her a present on her birthday.
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科目：高中英語 來源：2011屆貴州省五校高三第五次聯考英語卷 題型：閱讀理解
If you ask Americans whether or not they think their former president George W. Bush is smart, most of them will probably tell you they don’t think so. However, Bush’s IQ score is estimated to be above 120, which puts him in the top ten percent of the population.
It doesn’t seem to make sense. How come someone with such an IQ score is not considered smart? Researchers say: IQ does not tell the whole story. Some people have high IQ scores, but still they can be poor thinkers and decision-makers.
Keith Stanovich, a Canadian professor of human development and applied psychology, has been looking into the “clever fools” phenomenon for 15 years. He says IQ tests are very good at measuring certain mental faculties(能力), including logic, learning ability, working-memory capacity (how much information you can hold in mind), etc. Those faculties play a part in one’s academic success, but rational thinking is more important for us to make good judgments in real-life situations.
IQ tests fail to work when it comes to rational thinking. That’s because they are unable to assess things such as a person’s ability to weigh up information, or whether an individual can set aside the cognitive biases(認知偏差)that may be misleading.
“A high IQ is like height in a basketball player,” says David Perkins, who studies thinking and reasoning skills at Harvard University. “It is very important, all other things being equal. But all other things aren’t equal. It takes a lot more to be a good basketball player than being tall, and it takes a lot more to be a good thinker than having a high IQ.”
【小題1】According to the text your academic success depends on your __________.
| A．logic | B．mental faculties | C．learning ability | D．working-memory capacity |
| A．IQ scores | B．IQ test | C．rational thinking | D．cognitive biases |
| A．the former president George W. Bush has a high IQ score |
| B．many Americans think their former president George W. Bush is smart |
| C．David Perkins believe that a person’s IQ doesn’t need to be developed |
| D．Keith Stanovich looked into the “clever fools” phenomenon 5 years ago |
| A．Those who have high IQ do better than those who don’t in everything. |
| B．People with high IQ scores must be good decision-makers |
| C．People with high IQ scores are always smart in every way. |
| D．Why a high IQ doesn’t mean you’re smart |
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科目：高中英語 來源：河北省邢臺一中09-10學年高一下學期第一次月考（英語） 題型：閱讀理解
The First of May is a Bank Holiday—the first public holiday of the year in England. Most people consider it a special day, the beginning of summer, a day when the light lasts long into the evening, and when we can look for warm weather. We don't always get it. We feel disappointed, but not surprised if there are cold winds and frosts at night in May. Winter should be over. Most people know that in the past, when farming occupied almost everyone, the changing seasons were of great importance. In that older time there was every reason to celebrate May Day. Customs of those celebrations remain.?
Of these customs, the best known is the choosing of a May Queen and the dancing round Maypole. Even these customs are little more than memories now—but in the last century it was quite common in villages and small towns, and even in schools and colleges, for a pretty and popular girl to be chosen Queen of the May. It was a great honour to be chosen. For a day she wore a light and flowery dress, carried garlands（花環）, and was ceremonially crowned with flowers. She presided over a procession, as a rule with a number of attendants, and over the Maypole dancing and all kinds of entertainment. The Maypole was slender（苗條的w.w.^w.k.&s.5*u.c.#o） tree trunk, cut off its branches, with beautiful ribbons fastened to the top. The dancing was designed in such a way that the dancer's movements move the ribbons into a pattern. This, as you can imagine, required skill from the dancer, and was not achieved without practice.
It's the Celtic people who celebrated the First of May as a spring festival. Their celebration seems to have had little to do with taking pleasure in early, beautiful flowers and in warmer weather! They called it Beltane—the fire of the god Bel. They lit fires, in the expectation that their blaze would help the sun in its struggle to regain its strength. They drove their cattle between banks of flame in the expectation that the terrified beasts would be purified and protected from disease. A tree, which must have been blackened with smoke, stood in the middle of the fires, and is thought to have been the origin of the Maypole. Their priests（牧師） made sacrifices to the goods in the hope of good harvests and sufficient store of food for the winter. There was dancing certainly, but it was noisy and cheerful, since its purpose was not to weave a pattern of colored ribbons, but to drive out evil spirits from the earth and to arouse those kind spirits.?
57. The main purpose of the passage is to show ________.?
A. the reason why they celebrate May Day
B. the start and customs of May Day
C. the way they celebrate May Day
D. the choosing of a May Queen during May Day
58. According to the passage, which sentence is NOT true??
A. In the old days they celebrated May Day for the changing of the seasons.?
B. In England summer begins at the first of May.?
C. The custom of the choosing of a May Queen still exists in the present May Day celebration.?D. The Celtic people celebrated the first of May as a spring festival.??
59. From the surrounding words and sentences we know that the word “presided” means ____.
A. 管理 B. 越過 C. 指揮 D. 主持?
60. The best title for this passage is ________.
A. The First of May B. The Beginning of Summer
C. May Queen D. The Holiday of the Year?
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科目：高中英語 來源：2009-2010學年江蘇省高二下學期期中考試（英語） 題型：閱讀理解
One would have to be a fool to overlook the importance of using positive thinking for you rather than allowing negative thinking to work against you. In recent years, research in psychopharmacology (精神藥理學) has proved what many people have known over the centuries: a positive attitude is good for you, good for your health, good for your wealth, good for everything. Researchers found that a positive attitude produces a specific chemical reaction which makes people feel better, while negative thinking results in a decline of hormone (荷爾蒙) and shuts down the immune (免疫的) system. This leads to illness and depression. Positive thoughts will make you feel better. Even if you must begin by literally forcing yourself to be positive (faking it, so to speak), it will become contagious (會傳播的) and the positive thoughts will generate nice little w*w^w..c~o*mchemicals and good feelings which will reinforce the positive thoughts.
For example, if you force yourself to smile or laugh, even when you don't feel like smiling or laughing, if you keep at it for a few minutes, you will soon feel like it. Feelings can generate thoughts, but thoughts can also generate feelings. Control your thoughts and you can control your feelings. Positive thinking is important in all aspects of our lives. There is probably no single factor more important in determining your success in achieving your career objectives than your own attitude.
It's often been said that in the land of the blind, the one-eyed man is king. And in the office of militant (好戰) negativism, the positive workers shine like gold. You cannot control external events, but you can learn to control your reaction to those events and thereby have a positive attitude and be happy. This vital key to success is totally within your control. Use it.
67. We can infer from the passage that .
A. positive thinking can cure you of your diseases
B. positive thinking can easily be generated by anyone
C. a decline of hormone may cause you to be depressed
D. a specific chemical reaction is the cause of negative thinking
68. According to the passage, which of the following is true?
A. Feeling and thoughts can generate each other.
B. It's easier to control thoughts than to control feelings.
C. Your success depends wholly on your attitude.
D. Keeping smiling will surely make you successful.
69. Just like a one-eyed man in the land of the blind, you should .
A. take positive attitude in the office of militant negativism
B. be king in your office
C. pay no attention to what is going on around you
D. control your feeling to what is happening to you
70. The best title to the passage is .
A. the Bad Effect of Negative Thinking B. Why Should People Think
C. Positive Thinking Benefits People D. Thinking: The Vital Way
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