Question

So long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching and learning , they will continue to undertake to do for children that which only children can do for themselves. Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them. It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading. Douglas insists that“ reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible”.

　　Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes. They differ in kind and function. The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read. Teaching is also public activity. It can be seen and observed.

　　Learning to read involves all that each individual does to make sense of the world of printed language. Almost all of it is private ,for learning is an occupation of the mind ,and that process is not open to public scrutiny.

　　If teacher and learner roles are not interchangeable ,what then can be done through teaching that will aid the child in the quest（探索）for knowledge? Smith has one principal rule for all teaching instructions. “Make learning to read easy, which means making reading a meaningful, enjoyable and frequent experience for children. ”

　　When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are, and when both teachers fulfill them appropriately, then much of the pressure and feeling of failure for both is eliminated. Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of leaning to read by reading.

　The problem with the reading course as mentioned in the first paragraph is that ________.

　　A. it is one of the most difficult school courses

　　B. students spend endless hours in reading

　　C. reading tasks are assigned with little guidance

　　D. too much time is spent in teaching about reading

　The teaching of reading will be successful if ________.

　　A. teachers can improve conditions at school for the students

　　B. teachers can enable students to develop their own way of reading

　　C. teachers can devise the most efficient system for reading

　　D. teachers can make their teaching activities observable

　The underlined word“ scrutiny” most probably means“________”.

　　A. inquiry　　　　　　　　　　　 B. observation

　　C. control　　　　　　　　　　　 D. suspicion

According to the passage, learning to read will no longer be a difficult task when ________.

　　A. children become highly motivated

　　B. teacher and learner roles are interchangeable

　　C. teaching helps children in the search for knowledge

　　D. reading enriches children’s experience

The main idea of the passage is that ________.

　　A. teachers should do as little as possible in helping students learn to read

　　B. teachers should encourage students to read as widely as possible

　　C. reading ability is something acquired rather than taught

　　D. reading is more complicated that generally believed

Answer 1

【小題1】D

【小題2】B

【小題3】B

【小題4】A

【小題5】C

解析:

【小題1】　本文是一篇議論文，在對傳統的閱讀教學方式進行批判的同時，論述了作者自己閱讀的教學觀：閱讀的教與學是兩個完全不同的過程。依據文章第1段第3行“It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading..”（教學生如何閱讀當然不是帶著學生花費大量的時間去一點一點地讀）。可以看出，作者認為現在教閱讀的時間太多了，這當然是因為教而不教法。所以選項D正確。

【小題2】依據文章第2段第2行開始的句子：“The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves　to read”（教學的任務是為學生能夠找出自己最有效的自學閱讀的方法創造條件和氛圍），B項符合上述意思，為正確答案。

【小題3】該題為猜測詞義。inquiry“詢問”。observation“觀察”。control“控制”。suspicion“懷疑”。該詞出現在第3段最后一句“process is not open to public scrutiny”，考生可從該句的上文作出推測。最明顯的提示出現在第2段最后一句“Teaching is also a public activity；it can be seen and observed”所以，scrutiny最可能的詞義應該是observation，故B項正確。

【小題4】依據文章第4段、第5段所提供的信息，特別是第5段第3行“Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of learning to read by reading”（當教師們創造了一種環境，使孩子們有機會自己通過閱讀解決所遇到的問題時，學習閱讀就變得容易多了），可以看出A項與之最為相近。

【小題5】依據文章第1段第4行“reading cannot be taught directly and…”說明閱讀能力并不是通過教師教就能掌握的。教師應做的是給學生創造一個好的環境和條件，激發學生閱讀的渴望，培養出良好的閱讀習慣、方法，只有這樣，才能掌握閱讀技能，提高閱讀水平。所以選項C正確。其他選項與文章討論的范圍不符。