Question

Everyone has good days and bad days.

Sometimes, you feel as if you’re on top of the world and all the questions on your maths test might seem easy. But occasionally you feel horrible, and you lose things and cannot focus on our schoolwork.

For more than 20 years, scientists have suggested that high self-esteem(自尊) is the key to success.Now, new research shows that focusing just on building self-esteem may not be helpful. In some cases, having high self-esteem can make people less likeable or more upset when they fail in something.

“Forget about self-esteem,” says Jennifer Crocker, a psychologist at the University of Michigan, US. “It’s not the important thing.”

Feeling good

Crocker’s advice may sound a bit strange. After all, feeling good can be good for you.Studies show that people with high self-esteem are less likely to be depressed, anxious, shy, or lonely than those with low self-esteem.

However, after reviewing about 18,000 studies on self-esteem, Roy Baumeister, a psychologist at Florida State University, has found that building up your self-esteem will not necessarily make you a better person.

He believes that violent people often have the highest self-esteem of all. He also said:“ There’s no evidence that kids with high self-esteem do better in school.”

Problems

All types of people have problems. People with high self-esteem can have big egos(自我) that can make them less likeable, said Kathleen Vohs, a psychology professor at Columbia University.People with high self-esteem tend to think more of themselves, VOhs says. People with low self-esteem are more likely to rely on their friends when they need help.

What to do

Researchers say it is best to listen to and support other people. Find positive ways to contribute to society. If you fail in something, try to learn from the experience. “The best therapy(藥方) is to recognize your faults,” Vohs says. “It’s OK to say, ‘I’ m not so good at that,’ and then move on.”

1.What does the underlined part “on top of the world” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?

A．Quite helpful.      B．Extremely happy.    C．Very unlucky.       D．Rather upset.

2.The conclusion drawn from the new research shows that high self-esteem_____.

A．is not important at all                    B．makes people more likeable

C．may not be the key to success              D．helps you do better at school

3.Which of the following is TRUE according to Vohs?

A．Feeling good doesn’t mean you lead a happy life.

B．People with high self-esteem always seek others’ help.

C．People with high self-esteem tend to be selfish.

D．People with low self-esteem are often more popular.

4.We can infer from the text that the best therapy mentioned in the last paragraph is mainly for people_____.

A．with high self-esteem                    B．with low self-esteem

C．who contribute significantly to society        D．who are in need of support

 

Answer 1

【答案】

1.B

2.C

3.C

4.A

【解析】

試題分析：本文講述的是有高度自尊心的人往往在現在不能取得成功，文章分析了具體的問題，并提出了自己的解決方法。

1.B 推理題。根據本段Sometimes, you feel as if you’re on top of the world and all the questions on your maths test might seem easy. But occasionally you feel horrible, and you lose things and cannot focus on our schoolwork.說明這里的on top of the world是與下文的feel horrible是相反的意思，故說明B項非常開心是正確的。故B正確。

2.C 細節題。根據or more than 20 years, scientists have suggested that high self-esteem(自尊) is the key to success.Now, new research shows that focusing just on building self-esteem may not be helpful.說明在以前人們認為高度的自尊是成功的關鍵，但是最近的研究卻發現高度自尊未必就有幫助，故C項正確。

3.C 推理題。根據倒數第二段People with high self-esteem can have big egos(自我) that can make them less likeable說明有高度自尊的人可能十分地自我，自私，不會被別人所喜歡，故C正確。

4.A 推斷題。根據文章最后一段Researchers say it is best to listen to and support other people. Find positive ways to contribute to society. If you fail in something, try to learn from the experience. “The best therapy(藥方) is to recognize your faults,” Vohs says. “It’s OK to say, ‘I’ m not so good at that,’ and then move on.”這里的解決方法正是為了那些自尊心太強，放不下面子的人而設立的，故A正確

考點：考查教育類短文閱讀

點評：本文是關于高度自尊的人往往不能取得成功的原因分析，考查推理題較多，推理判定題要在閱讀理解整體語篇的基礎上，把握文章的真正內涵。①要吃透文章的字面意思，從字里行間捕捉有用的提示和線索，這是推理的前提和基礎;②要對文字的表面信息進行挖掘加工，由表入里，由淺入深，從具體到抽象，從非凡到一般，通過分析、綜合、判定等，進行深層處理，符合邏輯地推理。不能就是論事，斷章取義，以偏概全。③要忠實于原文，以文章提供的事實和線索為依據。立足已知，推斷未知。立足現在，猜測未來。不能主觀臆想，憑空想象，隨意揣測，更不能以自己的觀點代替作者的觀點;④要把握句、段之間的邏輯關系，了解語篇的結構。要體會文章的基調，揣摸作者的態度，摸準邏輯發展的方向，悟出作者的弦外之音。