Question

In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child’s acquisition（學會）of each new skill — the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is common that parents hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child. This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, and a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm（熱情） for life and his desire to find out new things for himself.
Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. Some may be especially strict in money matters; others are severe over time of coming home at night or punctuality（準時）for meals. In general, the controls imposed（強加的）represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community（社區）as much as the child’s own happiness.
As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality.  Also, parents should realize that “example is better than precept”. If they are not sincere and do not practice what they preach（說教）, their children may grow confused, and emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled.
A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents’ principles and their morals can be a dangerous disappointment

1. 1.
   Eagerly watching the child’s acquisition of new skills _____
   1. A.
      should be avoided
   2. B.
      is universal among parents
   3. C.
      sets up dangerous states of worry in the child
   4. D.
      will make him lose interest in learning new things
2. 2.
   When children are learning new skills, parents should _____
   1. A.
      achieve a balance between pushing them too hard and leaving them on their own
   2. B.
      not expect too much of them
   3. C.
      encourage them to read before they know the meaning of the words they read
   4. D.
      create as many learning opportunities as possible
3. 3.
   The second paragraph mainly tells us that _____
   1. A.
      parental restrictions vary, and are not always enforced for the benefit of the children alone
   2. B.
      parental controls satisfy only the needs of the parents and the values of the community
   3. C.
      parents should be strict with their children
   4. D.
      parents vary in their strictness towards their children according to the situation
4. 4.
   The underlined word “precept” （in Paragraph 3） probably means “_____”
   1. A.
      idea
   2. B.
      punishment
   3. C.
      instruction
   4. D.
      behaviour
5. 5.
   In moral matters, parents should _____
   1. A.
      satisfy their children’s needs
   2. B.
      be aware of the marked difference between adults and children
   3. C.
      forbid things which have no foundation in morality
   4. D.
      observe（遵守，奉行） the rules themselves

Answer 1

BAACD
1.B細節理解題。由文章第一段第一行可知。universal 意為“普遍存在的”。
2.A. 事實歸納題。文章第一段第二句和最后一句分別說明了父母應避免太過分地逼孩子,和對小孩太放任自由同樣不利兩方面內容。
3.A段落主旨題。文章第二段的大意為:父母對孩子的嚴格在程度上有很大的不同。有些父母對于有關錢的事情特別嚴格?也有的父母則對孩子晚上回家的時間或準時吃飯方面比較嚴格。一般來說,對孩子的控制不僅是為了孩子的幸福,也反映了父母的需要以及社區的價值觀。
4.C 猜測詞義題。由example is better than precept.(以身作則勝于口頭教誨)可知選instruction。
5.D. 根據文章第三段最后一句If they are not sincere and do not practise what they preach? their children may grow confused, and emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled.(……在某種程度上受到了愚弄)和文章最后一段A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents’ principles and their morals can be a dangerous disappointment.可以得出結論:關于道德教育問題,父母應以身作則。A項符合題意,observe在此意為“遵守,奉行”。