Question

Why do men die earlier than women? The latest research makes it known that the reason could be that men’s hearts go into rapid decline when they reach middle age.
The largest study of the effects of ageing on the heart has found that women’s longevity may be linked to the fact that their hearts hardly lose their pumping power with age.
“We have found that the power of the male heart falls by 20-25 percent between 18 and 70 years of age.” said the head of the study, David Goldspink of Liverpool John Moores University in the UK. “Within the heart there are millions of cells that enable it to beat. Between the age of 20 and 70. one-third of those cells die and are not replaced in men,” said Goldspink. “This is part of the ageing process.”
What surprises scientists is that the female heart sees very little loss of these cells. A healthy 70-year-old woman’s heart could perform almost as well as a 20-year-old one’s.
“This gender(性別)difference might just explain why women live longer than men,” said Goldspink.
They studied more than 250 healthy men and women between the ages of 18 and 80, focusing on heahhy persons to remove the confusing influence of disease.
The team has yet to find why ageing takes a greater loss on the male heart, said Goldspink.
The good news is that men can improve the health of their heart with regular exercise. Goldspink stressed that women also need regular exercise to prevent their leg muscles becoming smaller and weaker as they age.
【小題1】The underlined word “longevity” in the second paragraph probably refers to _____.

A．health

B．long life

C．ageing

D．effect

【小題2】The text mainly talks about ______.

A．men’s heart cells	B．women’s ageing process
C．the gender difference	D．hearts and long life

【小題3】According to the text, the UK scientists have known that _____.

A．women have more cells than men when they are born

B．women can replace the cells that enable the heart to beat

C．the female heart loses few of the cells with age

D．women never lose their pumping power with age

【小題4】 We can know from the passage that ______.

A．scientists are on the way to finding out why the male heart loses more of the cells

B．the reason why ageing takes a greater loss on the male heart has been found out

C．the team has done something to prevent the male from suffering the greater loss

D．wome over 70 could lose more heart cells than those at the age of 20

Answer 1

【小題1】B
【小題2】D
【小題3】C
【小題4】A

解析試題分析：本文介紹了女性的長壽現象出現的原因，以及男性的壽命較短的原因。并提出了具體的建議。
【小題1】B 推理題。根據文章1,2段Why do men die earlier than women?
The largest study of the effects of ageing on the heart has found that women’s longevity may be linked to the fact that their hearts hardly lose their pumping power with age.可知這里的longevity就是指女性的長壽現象。故B正確。
【小題2】D 主旨大意題。根據文章第一段2,3行The latest research makes it known that the reason could be that men’s hearts go into rapid decline when they reach middle age.
可知女性長壽的原因在于女性的心臟隨著年齡變大，并沒有明顯的衰竭。故D項正確。
【小題3】C 細節題。根據文章第四段1,2行What surprises scientists is that the female heart sees very little loss of these cells.可知隨著年齡增加，女性的心臟的cell的損失很小。故C正確。
【小題4】A 推理題。根據文章倒數第二段The team has yet to find why ageing takes a greater loss on the male heart, said Goldspink.可知現在還沒有完全弄明白為什么男性會有更多的cell的損失，故A正確。
考點：考查科普類短文閱讀
點評：本文介紹了女性的長壽現象出現的原因，以及男性的壽命較短的原因。并提出了具體的建議。測試考生在閱讀基礎上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據文章所述事件的邏輯關系，對未說明的趨勢或結局作出合理的推斷；或根據作者所闡述的觀點理論，對文章未涉及的現象、事例給以解釋。考生首先要仔細閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準確把握作者觀點。