In 1837, at the age of seventeen, Florence Nightingale decided to become a nurse, which horrified her whimsical（多奇想的）mother. In those days nurses were little more than door-keepers, and hospitals were pits of squalor（污穢）and neglect. Nightingale pressed on, and in 1853 she became superintendent（院長）of a small London hospital. She went on to the Crimea when war broke out there between Britain and Russia. She established the first of what we know as war hospitals: sanitary（衛生）, safe and stocked with supplies. Her tireless ministrations（照顧，照料）to the wounded soldiers made her famous all over the world.
Following the war Nightingale avoided fame and continued to train nurses, ever battling against what she herself declared“a commonly received idea... that it requires nothing but a disappointment in love or incapacity in other things, to turn a woman into a good nurse.”ince 1921 her birthday--May 12--has been the centerpiece of National Hospital Week, observed in British and American hospitals with special exhibitions, workshops and publicity drives.
(1)Florence Nightingale was born on ______.
[ ]
(2)The underlined word“it”efers to ______.
[ ]
A．turning a woman into a doctor
B．turning a woman into a good nurse
C．avoiding fame
D．continuing to train nurses
(3)The word“observed”n the second paragraph means ______.
[ ]
(4)Why did Florence Nightingale become well-known all over the world?
[ ]
A．She was one of the best nurses then.
B．Her skills of operations were the most wonderful and successful.
C．She always looked after the wounded soul and heart.
D．She was superintendent of London Hospital.
(5)Why did Florence Nightingale want to become a nurse?
[ ]
A．The author did not give the reason.
B．Florence Nightingale would like to become famous by attending the wounded of battles.
C．She wanted to take good care of the sick.
D．She was not able to do anything but become a nurse.
閱讀快車系列答案科目：高中英語 來源：皇冠優化名題 高中英語 題型：050
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：053
閱讀理解: 閱讀下列短文, 從所給的四個選項中, 選出最佳答案。
Morse was on a ship returning from Europe in October 1832 when he heard about some recent experiments which had been done with electricity in Paris. During the rest of the trip, Morse thought about the experiments and about telegraph. He had figured out all the important features (特點) of telegraph before the ship reached New York. Morse spent the next five years building working models. On June 20, 1840, Morse got a U.S. patent (專利) on his invention. During the 1840s and 1850s many telegraph lines were built in the United States and Europe. Morse was never able to get patents in Europe or England, and his income from the U.S. telegraph companies (公司) was small. In 1858 ten companies gave him a gift of 400,000 francs for their use of his system (系統).
(1) In which years did Morse most probably succeed in inventing telegraph?
[ ]
A. In 1832. B. In 1837. C. In 1840. D. In 1858.
(2) Morse had the idea of his invention ________.
[ ]
A. before he settled down in New York
B. on a ship returning to Europe
C. on a trip to America
D. in his lab in Europe
(3) After he got a U.S. patent on his invention, _________.
[ ]
A. telegraph lines were put to use by many companies
B. Morse found out all the important features of telegraph
C. Morse tried hard to get patents in Europe
D. his system was greatly improved
(4) In 1858, some companies gave him a great deal of money ______.
[ ]
A. in order for him to live properly
B. to praise him for his invention
C. for him to get patents in England
D. for his telegraph lines used by them
(5) Which of the following is true according to the passage?
[ ]
A. Morse tried the experiments with electricity on a ship goingn to New York.
B. After Morse got his patent in the United States many telegraph lines were built there.
C. His income was small because his system was not widely used.
D. His system was introduced to Europe only after he got his patent on the invention.
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科目：高中英語 來源：河北省張家口市第二中學2012屆高三高考預測英語試題 題型：050
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
In 1826, a Frenchman named Niepce needed pictures for his business. But he was not a good artist. So he invented a very simple cameras. He put it in a window of his house and took a picture of his yard. That was the first photograph.
The next important date in the history! of photography was 1837. That year, Daguerre, another French, took a picture of his studio. He used a new kind of camera and a different process. In his pictures, you could see everything very clearly, even the smallest details. This kind of photograph was called a daguerreotype.
Soon, other people began to use Daguerre's process. Travelers brought back daguerreotypes from all around the world. People photographed famous buildings, cities and mountains.
In about 1840, the process was improved. Then photographers could take pictures of people and moving things. The process was not simple. The photographers had to cary lots of films and processing equipment. But this did not stop the photographers, especially in the United States. After 1840s daguerreotype artists were popular in most cities.
Mathew Brady was a well - known American photographer. He took many pictures of famous people. The pictures were unusual because they were very life - like and full of personality （個性）.
Brady was also the first preson to take pictures of war. His 1862 Civil War pictures showed dead soldiers and ruined cities. They made the war seem more real and more terrible.
In the 1880s, new inventions began to change photography... Photographers could buy films readymade in rolls（卷）. So they did not have to make the film themselves. Also, they did not have to process the film immediately. They could bring it back to their studios and develop it later meaning that they did not have to carry lots of equipment. And finally, the invention of the small handheld camera made photography less expensive.
With the small camera, anyone could be a photographer. People began to use cameras just for fun. They took pictures of their families, friends and favorite places. They called these pictures" snapshot".
Photographs became very popular in newspapers in the 1890s. Soon magazines and books also used documentary photographs. These pictures showed true events and people. They were much more real than drawing.
Photography also turned into a form of art by the end of the 10th century. Some photographs were not just copies of the real world. They showed ideas and feelings, like other art forms.
The passage is mainly about ________.
A. the inventoin of cameras
B. a kind of new art - photography
C. the development of photography
D. the important dates in the history of photography
The first pictures of a war were taken by________.
A. a French photographer in the 1840s
B. an American photographer in the 1860s
C. a German reporter in the 1880s
D. a French artist in the 1890s
Photography can also be an art form because artists can ________.
A. take anything they like
B. keep a record of real life
C. take photos of the famous
D. show ideas and feeling in pictures
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