Question

In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity. Others say that competition is bad; that it sets one person against another; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.

I have taught many children who held the belief that their self-worth relied (依賴) on how well they performed at tennis and other skills. For them, playing well and winning are often life-and-death affairs. In their single-minded pursuit (追求) of success, the development, of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten.

However, while sonic seem to be lost in die desire to succeed, others take an opposite attitude. In a culture which values only die winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society. Teaching these young people, I often observe in them a desire to fail. They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success. By not trying, they always have an excuse: “I may have lost, but it doesn’t matter because I really didn’t try.” What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost, that would mean a lot. Such a loss would be a measure of their worth. Clearly, this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves. Both are based on the mistaken-belief that one’s self-respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others. Both are afraid of not being valued. Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve(緩解) can we discover a new meaning in competition.

1.What does this passage mainly talk about?

A．Competition helps to set up self-respect.

B．Opinions about competition are different among people.

C．Competition is harmful to personal quality development.

D．Failures are necessary experiences in competition.

2.The underlined phrase “the most vocal” in Paragraph 3 means______.

A．those who try their best to win

B．those who value competition most highly

C．those who are against competition most strongly 　

D．those who rely on others most for success

3.Which point of view may the author agree to?

A．Every effort should be paid back.

B．Competition should be encouraged.

C．Winning should be a life-and-death matter.

D．Fear of failure should be removed in competition.

 

Answer 1

【答案】

1.B

2.C

3.D

【解析】

試題分析：本文主要講述的是不同的人對待競爭的不同的觀點，有人認為競爭很好，能夠促進社會的進步，有人認為競爭對人的發展有害。

1.B 主旨大意題。本文主要講述的是不同的人對待競爭的不同的觀點，有人認為競爭很好，能夠促進社會的進步，有人認為競爭對人的發展有害。故B正確。

2.C 推理題。根據本句 they strongly blame competition. Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society.說明這些人都是強烈地反對競爭的，故C正確。

3.D 推理題。根據文章最后3行Both are based on the mistaken-belief that one’s self-respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others. Both are afraid of not being valued. Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve(緩解) can we discover a new meaning in competition.說明作者認為應該把競爭中對于失敗的恐懼去除掉，文章提及的那兩種說法否是錯誤的，故D項正確。

考點：考查議論文閱讀

點評：本文討論的是人們對于競爭的不同的態度，測試考生在閱讀基礎上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據文章所述事件的邏輯關系，對未說明的趨勢或結局作出合理的推斷；或根據作者所闡述的觀點理論，對文章未涉及的現象、事例給以解釋。考生首先要仔細閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準確把握作者觀點。