What is it that makes people laugh? More than two thousand years ago the ancient Greek philosopher (哲學(xué)家) Aristotle defined (定義) jokes as the pleasure that results from a feeling of triumph by showing we’re better than someone else in a certain way. According to Aristotle and many other philosophers，all jokes depend mainly on showing inferiority in another person or group of persons — that is，putting it clearly，on showing that they are worse off than ourselves. Jokes raise our good opinion of ourselves at someone else’s expense.
Showing how much better than other people we are is only one reason we like jokes. Someone may also use a joke to express their anger or their cruelty （殘酷）or any other kind of action that is not acceptable to us. We feel free to laugh when we hear about someone sliding on a banana skin. The joke lets us express those attitudes which are usually unacceptable to society. This is probably the reason why some of the jokes，especially those involving cruelty，are so popular with certain people.
Besides，all jokes depend on our enjoyment of laughing at something that is strange and out of place because it’s different from things which are happening around it. The same situation can be either sad or pleasant，depending entirely on how strange and out of place it is. If a girl in a bathing suit falls into a swimming pool，we don’t laugh because nothing unusual has happened. But if a man in a smart suit falls in，the situation is at once unusual in a pleasant way and we laugh. A good joke-teller will always try to build up a situation in which one thing is expected until something unexpected suddenly happens，and so we laugh.
【小題1】The underlined word “inferiority” (in Paragraph 1) means ______.
| A．someone that is better than someone else |
| B．something that is better than something else |
| C．someone that is as good as someone else |
| D．something that is not as good as something else |
stotle, all jokes depend mainly on ______. | A．resulting in a sense of success |
| B．showing inferiority in another person or group |
| C．having a good opinion of other people |
| D．making people laugh unexpectedly |
| A．To express those attitudes usually unacceptable to society is one of the reasons we like jokes. |
| B．When people are angry, they would like to hear jokes. |
| C．People who like jokes are usually cruel. |
| D．Showing we are better than other people is the only one reason we like jokes. |
| A．Make an unexpected thing happen in an expected situation |
| B．Make different things happen at the same time. |
| C．Make a sad situation into a pleasant one. |
| D．Make people laugh at something unusual and out of place. |
【小題1】D
【小題1】B
【小題1】A
【小題1】A
解析
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39．A．return B．rounds C．trip D．a(chǎn)rrival
40．A．if only B．how C．whether D．why
41．A．dust B．sweat C．tail D．rain
42．A．led B．followed C．watched D．carried
43．A．hole B．mud C．water D．cover
44．A．magazine B．shoe C．sock D．bag
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46．A．dressed B．fitted C．showed D．comforted
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48．A．a(chǎn)ppeared B．seemed C．looked D．felt
49．A．for B．with C．on D．in
50．A．pen B．paper C．card D．notebook
51．A．tearful B．unbelievable C．curious D．puzzled
52．A．a(chǎn)dmit B．know C．consider D．express
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36 A. teacher B. parent C. pupil D. teenager
37 A. understand B. admit C. observe D. pretend
38 A. add B. relate C. comes D. reject
39 A. good B. expert C. special D. rubbish
40 A. add B. make C. look D. pick
41 A. stranger B. me C. herself D. somebody
42 A. funny B. easy C. attractive D. remote
43 A. worst B. prize C. best D. surprising
44 A. missed B. lost C. found D. chose
45 A. get B. foresee C. fit D. evaluate
46 A. however B. frequently C. mostly D. hardly
47 A. suggested B. devoted C. intended D. adapted
48 A. well B. sometimes C. seldom D. extremely
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50 A. consequences B. reasons C. findings D. incidents
51 A. mistake B. program C. policy D. revolution
52 A. preparation B. reputation C. requirement D. change
53 A. difficult B. general C. mental D. basic
54 A. class B. head C. textbook D. own
55 A. logical B. unbelievable C. direct D. conservative
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42. A. prevent B. cheat C. protect D. hold
43. A. unless B. until C. if D. though
44. A. promise B. plan C. trick D. mistake
45. A. interesting B. difficult C. strange D. unfamiliar
46. A. removed B. canceled C. disappeared D. added
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A school teacher decided to let her class play a game. The teacher told each child in the class to bring along a plastic bag containing a few 16 . Each tomato will be given a name of a person that the child 17 , so the number of tomatoes that a child will put in the plastic bag will depend on the number of people the child hates.
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So 30 others is that best attitude to take!
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Remembering names is an important social skill．Here are some ways to master it．
Recite and repeat in conversation．
When you hear a person’s name，repeat it．Immediately say it to yourself several times without moving your lips．You could also repeat the name in a way that does not sound forced or artificial．
Ask the other person to recite and repeat．
You can let other people help you remember their names．After you’ve been introduced to someone，ask that person to spell the name and pronounce it correctly for you．Most people will be pleased by the effort you’re making to learn their names．
Admit you don’t know．
Admitting that you can’t remember someone’s name can actually make people relaxed．Most of them will feel sympathy if you say．“I’m working to remember names better．Yours is right on the tip of my tongue．What is it again?”
Use associations．
Link each person yon meet with one thing you find interesting or unusual．For example，you could make a mental note: "Vicki Cheng -- tall, black hair.” To reinforce (加強(qiáng)) your associations, write them on a small card as soon as possible.
Limit the number of new names you learn at one time.
When meeting a group of people, concentrate on remembering just two or three names. Free yourself from remembering every one. Few of the people in mass introductions expect you to remember their names. Another way is to limit yourself to learning just first names. Last names can come later.
Go early.
Consider going early to conferences, parties and classes. Sometimes just a few people show up on time. That's fewer names for you to remember. And as more people arrive, you can hear them being introduced to others -- an automatic review for you.
【小題1】How will most people feel when you try hard to remember their names?
| A．They will be moved. | B．They will be annoyed. |
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| C．just their last names | D．a(chǎn)s many names as possible |
| A．Tips on an important social skill. | B．Importance of attending parties. |
| C．How to make use of associations. | D．How to recite and repeat names. |
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