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Your smartphone can do a lot of things. It can call people. It connects to the Internet. It enables you to play fun games. But there is a dark side to this smart little equipment of yours----- it might also spread disease.
“People are just likely to get sick from their phones as from handles of the bathroom, ” Jeffrey Cain, the president of the American Academy of Family Physicians , told The Wall Street Journal.
This may be hard to believe, but scientists reached this conclusion after they tested eight cell phones from an office in Chicago. All the tested phones showed high numbers of coliforms (大腸菌), a kind of bacteria found in human waste , with about 2700 to 4200 units of the bacteria on each phone. The bacteria can cause flu, pinkeye and other diseases . That is right --- your phone is covered in our human waste.
Although computers, keys and pens carry germs (細菌) , our phones get far dirtier. They touch a lot of things, including our hands and the inside of our pocket or purse. We take them almost everywhere: the bus, the subway and who hasn’t played Angry Birds or Fruit Ninja while sitting on the toilet?
“Some things that we think are personal are actually more public than we imagine,” Cain said.  What is even worse is that after the phone returns from its dirty trip, it then spends most of its time cozying up to our faces. You don’t think about how often you touch your phone to your face, do you? Our noses, mouths and ears are all warm and rich in grease (油脂) , an environment that germs really like.
So how do you keep your phone clean? Alcohol is effective when used to kill germs from the back and side of your phone. But it might harm the screen. There is one simple and reliable way you can reduce the germs on your phone’s surface: wash your hands regularly.
【小題1】The underlined word “dark” in the first paragraph means _______

Coming home from school, I was filled with excitement. But I was       into stillness by what I saw. Mother, seated at the end of the sofa,        , with the second-hand green typewriter on the table. She told me she couldn’t type fast and she was out of work. My shock at finding mother in tears was a perfect       of how      I understood the pressures on her. Sitting beside her on the sofa, I began very      to understand. I could       her pain and the tension (壓力) of      the strong feeling that were interrupted by my arrival. Suddenly,  something inside me      . I reached out and put my arms around her. She broke then. She put her face       my shoulder and sobbed. I held her       and didn’t try to talk. I knew I was doing what I should, and that was enough. At that moment,       mother’s back with feelings, I understood for the first time her being so easy to      .  She was still my mother,      she was  something      : a person like me, capable of fear and       and failure. I could feel her pain as she must have felt mine on a thousand occasions when I sought      in her arms.

A week later mother took a job at half the salary the radio station       . “It’s a job I can do, though.” She said      . But the evening practice on the old green typewriter continued. I had a very       feeling now when I heard her tapping away across the paper at night. I knew there was something more going on in there than a woman learning to       .

1.A. lazy    B. shocked         C. ashamed        D. tired

2.A. smiling        B. thinking         C. crying   D. whispering

3.A. proof B. feeling  C. excuse  D. explanation

4.A. little   B. much            C. eagerly D. worriedly

5.A. suddenlyB. slowly       C. proudly          D. quickly

6.A. watch         B. recognize      C. look       D. sense

7.A. putting awayB. stopping from     C. sitting up       D. holding back 

8.A. turned        B. lit          C. increased      D. rose

9.A. through  B. against    C. up          D. to

10.A. carefullyB. politely          C. tightly   D. thoughtfully

11.A. feeling     B. reaching        C. watching        D. sensing

12.A. break       B. content          C. understand   D. fall

13.A. still          B. therefore      C. yet         D. however

14.A. much        B. huge     C. little      D. more

15.A. cut   B. hurt       C. defeat   D. wound

16.A. memory   B. support          C. comfort         D. kindness

17.A. offered    B. paid for          C. contributed  D. supplied

18.A. sadly   B. simply      C. excitedly       D. worriedly

19.A. hard   B. pleasant   C. serious D. different

20.A. work         B. write  C.  type   D. sell

Have you ever listened to young children talking in the playground? They are always boasting. They say things like, “My Dad’s car is bigger than your Dad’s,” and “My Mom is smarter than yours.” They particularly like to boast about their families.
There were three little boys, Harry, Ted and Gavin, who were always boasting. Gavin was the worst. Everything about his family was always the best or the biggest or the most expensive.
Whatever the others said, he could always go on better. One day when they were walking to
school, Harry said, “My father had a bath twice a week,” Ted spoke next. “That’s nothing,” he said. “Having a bath twice a week is dirty. My father has a bath every day, sometimes twice a day.” Ted looked at Gavin. Now it was his turn. But what could he say? “This time,” Ted thought, “I’m going to win.” Gavin didn’t know what to say. He couldn’t say that his father had a bath three times a day. That was silly. He walked on in silence. Ted smiled at Harry, and Harry smiled back. They were sure that for once they had beaten Gavin. They reached the school gates. Still Gavin said nothing. “We’ve won,” Ted said to Harry, but he spoke too soon. On the way home, Gavin said, “My Dad is so clean that he doesn’t have to bathe at all.”
【小題1】According to the passage, the meaning of the word “boast” is __________.

Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behavior agree that there is virtually an epidemic（流行病） of sleepiness in the nation．“I can’t think of a single study that hasn’t found Americans getting less sleep than they ought to,” says Dr．David．Even people who think they are sleeping enough would probably be better off with more rest．
The beginning of our sleep-deficit（lack）crises can be traced back to the invention of the light bulb a century ago．From diary entries and our personal accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries, sleep scientists have reached the conclusion that the average person used to sleep about 9.5 hours a night．“The best sleep habits once were forced on us, when we had nothing to do in the evening down on the farm, and it was dark．” By the 1950s and 1960s, the sleep schedule had been reduced dramatically, to between 7.5 and 8 hours, and most people had to wake to an alarm clock．“People cheat in their sleep, and they don’t even realize they’re doing it,” says Dr．David．“They think they’re okay because they can get by on 6.5 hours, when they really need 7.5, 8 or even more to feel ideally energetic. ”
Perhaps the most merciless robber of sleep, researches say, is the complexity of the day．Whenever pressures from work, family, friends and community increase, many people consider sleep the least expensive item on their programs．“In our society, you’re considered dynamic if you say you need only 5．5 hours’ sleep．If you’ve got to get 8．5 hours, people think you lack drive and ambition．”
To determine the consequences of sleep-deficit, researchers have put subjects through a set of psychological and performance tests requiring them, for instance, to add columns of numbers or recall a passage read to them only minutes earlier．“We’ve found that if you’re in sleep deficit, performance suffers,” says Dr．David．“Short-term memory is weakened, as are abilities to make decisions and to concentrate．”
【小題1】What is the main topic of the passage?

單詞拼寫 （共10小題，共10分）
【小題1】It is c______________ of you not to make any noise while the others are having a rest.
【小題2】Each classroom in our school is e_________ with a computer, which is helpful to our study.
【小題3】She started in the film d__________ by Zhang Yimou.
【小題4】Children are always c_________ to know the things they have never seen.
【小題5】You are likely to get lost while travelling in the j_____.
【小題6】It is hard to know the ____(起源) of the human race, that is, how humans came into being.
【小題7】You have to eat food with plenty of fiber that helps you _____ (消化) better.
【小題8】Your brother is full of ________(幽默); he had us laughing all through the meal.
【小題9】Stop pretending that the problem doesn’t ________(存在).
【小題10】We reached a village which is ___________(包圍) by hills.