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 (06·北京D篇)

While parents, particularly mothers, have always been attached to their infants (嬰兒), societal conditions frequently made this attachment difficult to maintain (保持). First of all, the high infant death rate in the premodern times meant that such attachments often ended in hopelessness. Perhaps to prevent the sadness that infant death caused, a number of societal practices developed which worked against early attachment of mother and child.

One of these premodern attachment-discouraging practices was to leave infants unnamed until they had survived into the second year. Another practice that discouraged maternal (母親的) attachment was tightly wrapping (包裹) infants. Wrapping effectively prevented the close physical interactions like stroking (撫摸) and kissing that are so much a part of modern mothers’ and fathers’ affection for their infants.

A third practice which had the same distancing effect was wet-nursing. Breast-feeding (母乳哺育) was not popular among the well-to-do in the early modern times; infants were often fed by wet nurses hired for the purpose. In some places, such as nineteenth-century France, city infants were sent to wet nurses in the country. Often a wet nurse would feed her own child first, leaving little for the city infant— who, in many case, died. In Rouen, the death rate for children sent to a wet nurse was 35 percent.

68. Babies were unnamed until they were two so that ________.

   A. an old social custom could be kept up

   B. maternal attachment could be maintained

   C. they could have better chances to survive

   D. their parents would not be too sad if they died

69. Why were babies wrapped?

   A. To protect them from the cold.

   B. To distance their mothers from them.

   C. To make them feel more comfortable.

   D. To make it easy for their mothers to hold them.

70. Wet nurses were women who _________.

   A. babysat city infants

   B. fed babies of other families

   C. sent their babies to the country

   D. failed to look after their babies

71. Which is the best title for the passage?

   A. Societal Conditions in Premodern Times

   B. Practices of Reducing Maternal Attachment

   C. Poor Health Service and High Infant Death Rate

   D. Differences between Modern and Premodern Parents

閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

Nancy had just got a secretary's job in a big company to work in the sales department. Monday was the first day that she went to work, so she was very 　31 .She got up very early and arrived at the 　32　 at twenty to eight. She 　33　 the door open and found nobody there. “I am the 　34　 to arrive.” She thought and came to her desk. She was surprised to 　35　 a large bunch of flowers on it. They were fresh. She 　36　 the flowers from the desk and smelled them. “Oh, how lovely!” Nancy 　37　 joyfully. She then looked round for a 　38　 to put them in. “Somebody has sent me flowers the 　39　 first day!” She thought happily. “But who could it be?” She began to wonder.

    The day passed very 　40　 and Nancy did everything with great interest and 　41　 .For the following days of the week, the first thing Nancy did was to change water for the flowers. And then she 　42　 herself in her work.

    Then came another Monday. When she came near her desk she was overjoyed to see a(an) 　43　 bunch of flowers there. She quickly put them in the vase, replacing the old ones.

    The same thing happened again the next Monday, Nancy felt it 　44　 and this time she began to think of ways to find out the 　45　 .

    On Tuesday afternoon, she was sent to 　46　 a plan to the general manager's office. She had to stay for a while at his secretary's desk 　47　  his directives .She happened to see on the desk a big note book 　48　 “Records of managers' meetings”, and glanced at the 　49　 pages. Suddenly her eyes fell on these words: “In order to keep the secretaries 　50　 ,the company has decided that every Monday morning a bunch of fresh flowers should be sent to each secretary's desk.”

    Later, she was told that their general manager was a business management psychologist.

1.A. depressed                 B. encouraged                  C. excited                   D. surprised

2.A. office                          B. workshop                      C. Classroom           D. bookshop

3.A. forced                         B. pushed                           C. Turned                  D. knocked

4.A. last                    B. second                           C. Third                     D. first

5. A. uncover                     B. smell                              C. Find                       D. pick

6.A. picked up                   B. threw away                  C. stared at              D. took up

7.A. cried                           B. Laughed                        C. wept                     D. replied

8. A. jar                     B. Box                                 C. bottle                             D. vase

9. A. happy                        B. very                                C. funny           D. quite

10.A. slowly                       B. normally                        C. quickly                  D. hardly

11.A. wisdom                    B. bravery                          C. passion                 D. enthusiasm

12. A. buried                     B. dressed                         C. Devoted               D. seated

13.A. old                             B. Red                                 C. blue                       D. new

14. A. special                    B. angry                              C. strange               D. difficult

15.A. sender                     B. receiver                         C. manager              D. waiter

16. A. send for                  B. hand out                        C. try out                  D. hand in

17.A. asking for            B. waiting for           C. looking for         D. searching for

18.A. marked                    B. written                          C. printed                 D. signed

19.A. closed                      B. damaged                       C. pinned                  D. half-opened

20.A. at home                   B. on time                          C. in high spirits      D. in low spirits

二、完形填空（30分）
Everybody knows Charlie Chaplin，a world-famous funny actor.People　21have laughed at Charlie Chaplin’s films　22　tears run down their faces.From his very first　23　they know what will happen. The little man is always with black moustache，wide-open eyes，round black hat and　___24　too large for his feet.He’ll?25　?through snow，and fall from windows.He’ll fight men who are twice his　26　,fall in love with women，who　27　notice him and try to hug（擁抱)them.
The poor man that Charlie Chaplin　28　in dozens of films makes all kinds of stupid mistakes.He is always in　29　,but he never　30　.He dreams of becoming a great man.Even people who　31　understand English can　32　Chaplin’s films，because they are mostly?　33___.It isn’t what he　34　that makes people laugh.His comedy（喜劇)doesn’t depend on words.It depends on little?　35　?which mean the　36　thing to people all over the world.
Chaplin raises his thick eyebrows or rolls his eyes.He hides behind a fat lady or under a table to escape from his　37　.He dresses well and pretends to be a　38　and important man. It is all so hopeless and　39　that he makes us laugh.This is the　40　of Chaplin’s huge success.
21.A.here                       B.everywhere?     C.abroad                         D.who?
22.A.if                     B.once?          C.because                         D.until?
23.A.disappearance        B.appearance?     C.words                           D.emotions?
24.A.trousers                B.stocks?         C.shoes                            D.hands?
25.A.sleep                    B.sit?            C.play                             D.struggle?
26.A.length                  B.size?           C.greatness                      D.width ?
27.A.hardly                  B.deeply?         C.widely                         D.luckily
28.A.played                  B.recognized?     C.loved                               D.fooled?
29.A.joy                       B.excitement?     C.sorrow                          D.trouble?
30.A.comes down          B.gets away?      C.goes back                        D.gives up?
31.A.don’t                    B.can?           C.do                                D.may?
32.A.understand            B.watch?         C.enjoy                                   D.see?
33.A.frightening           B.silent?          C.pleasant                       D.moving?
34.A.plays                    B.acts      ?    C.expects                         D.says?
35.A.actions                 B.expressions ?  C.stories                          D.words?
36.A.some                    B.different?    C.same                                D.bitter?
37.A.enimies                B.own?        C.characters                         D.films?
38.A.poor                     B.sad             C.rich                                 D.beautiful?
39.A.possible                B.impossible ?   C.instructive                        D.tired?
40.A.way                            B.beginning?   C.theory                              D.secret?

At the age of 13，I visited a doctor with my parents. As I sat in the examining chair，the doctor looked into my 　31　.“She did inherit (繼承) it，”he said with coldness.“You need to be prepared. There is no 　32　 for this disease.”

My father 　33　 a gene which，in most cases，results in blindness. I’d inherited the gene. He gradually 　34　 his eyesight and so did I. At last we were both 　35　 blind—he was fifty-seven years old，　36　 I was only twenty-eight.

My world 　37　 as the darkness fell，　38　 the dreams my husband and I had for us and for our three little boys. But 　39　 I tried to find some hope and 　40　，my eyes were opened to a new realization.

My father had 　41　 me not just failing eyesight，but an example of 　42　 in the face of hardships as well. We were all living in Bolivia in 1964 when he decided to 　43　 the family to America. He worked tirelessly to 　44 the right of living in the US.

Alone in the States，he 　45　 his helplessness and lack of fluency in English. He managed to rent a small apartment，and nine months later，sent airline tickets for my mom，my brother and me.

Decades later，　46 an American citizen，I look back at what he'd shown me. He set an example proving that determination is important to success. His 　47　 taught me valuable lessons for my own path in the darkness.

I did the same as I stepped into a 　48　 world. I fulfilled (完成) my own 　49　 as a wife，mom，Sunday school teacher and Spanish interpreter. What I inherited from my father helped me to 50　 my life in a whole new light.

1.A.mouth           B.eyes          C.ears          D.throat

2.A.solution         B.reason         C.excuse          D.cure

3..A.carried            B.spread            C.infected      D.raised

4.A.damaged         B.lost         C.recovered     D.gained

5.A.rapidly         B.nearly         C.completely       D.terribly

6.A.though              B.but               C.so                D.since

7.A.broke down      B.broke off     C.broke away        D.broke out

8.A.realizing           B.sharing      C.disturbing        D.destroying

9.A.when            B.before         C.unless           D.until

10.A.honour         B.beauty            C.strength      D.failure

11.A.handed         B.rewarded      C.given         D.taught

12.A.contribution       B.determination C.challenge     D.honesty

13.A.move           B.settle            C.arrange           D.send

14.A.enjoy           B.declare          C.apply         D.win

15.A.accepted       B.admitted      C.overcame      D.met

16.A.as                 B.like          C.for            D.to

17.A.knowledge      B.journey           C.situation          D.event

18.A.cruel          B.inner             C.modern         D. dark

19.A.promises       B. hopes            C. roles            D. changes

20.A.touch          B. end          C. save           D. see

第二節：完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）

     閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從16-35各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

The Price of a Dream

　　I grew up poor—living with my wonderful mother. We had little money, but plenty of love and attention. I was 　16　 and energetic. I understood that no matter how poor a person was, he could still 　17　 a dream.

My dream was 　18　. By the time I was sixteen, I started playing baseball. I could throw a ninety-mile-per-hour fastball and 　19　 anything that moved on the football field.

I was also  20　. My high school coach was John, who not only believed in me, but also taught me 　21　 to believe in myself. He 　22　 me the difference between having a dream and remaining true to that dream. One particular 　23　 with Coach John changed my life forever.

　　A friend recommended me for a summer job. This meant a chance for money in my pocket—money for a new bike, new clothes and the 　24　 of savings for a house for my mother. Then I realized I would have to 　25　 up summer baseball to handle the work schedule, and that meant I would have to tell John I wouldn’t be playing.

　　When I told John, he was 　26　 as I expected him to be. “You have your whole life to work,” He shouted. “Your 　27　 days are limited. You can’t afford to waste them.” I stood before him with my head 　28　, trying to think of the right　29　 　that would explain to him why my dream of buying my mom a house and having money in my pocket was worth facing his 　30　 in me.

　　“How much are you going to make at this job, son?” He asked. “3.5 dollars an hour,” I replied.

　　“Well,” he asked, “is $ 3.5 an hour the price of a dream?”

　　That simple question made  31    for me the difference between  32 　something at once and having a 　33　. I decided myself to play sports that summer and the ___34    year after I finished high school, I was hired by the Pittsburgh Pirates to play baseball, and was 　35　 a $ 20,000 contract. Finally, I bought my mother the house of my dream!

16. A. happy                       B. polite　                    C. shy　                                 D. honest

17. A. live                            B. have　　　           C. make　　　              D. need

18. A. athletics                      B. music　　　      C. business　　                   D. money

19. A. kick                            B. play                            C. pass　　　　                 D. hit

20. A. right                          B. popular　　            C. lucky　　　                   D. honest

21. A. how                           B. why　　　            C. when　　　              D. whether

22. A. gave                          B. taught　　　      C. brought　　　              D. asked

23. A. accident                       B. matter　　                 C. problem　　                  D. experience

24. A. aim　　　　        B. idea　　　         C. start　　　　              D. purpose

25. A. keep　　　         B. end　　　          C. give　　　　               D. pick

26. A. mad　　　　        B. mournful　         C. frightened　                D. shameful

27. A. living　　　          B. playing　　              C. working　　                 D. dreaming

28. A. moving　　          B. nodding　　            C. shaking　　                 D. hanging

29. A. answers　　        B. excuses　　            C. words　　　                D. ways

30. A. sadness　　     B. regret　                 C. hopelessness              D. disappointment

31. A. direct　　　　    B. clear　　                C. straight　　　       D. bare

32. A. wanting　　　     B. changing　　           C. dreaming　　              D. enjoying

33. A. wish　　　　　   B. goal　　　              C. score　　　　       D. desire

34. A. following　　　    B. same　　               C. previous　　                D. very

35. A. charged　　　　B. got　　　　             C. offered　　           D. presented