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IQ（intelligence quotient智商）is a score that shows a person’s level of intelligence.
People used to believe that some people are born with a high IQ and some aren’t.
  32 , a study by scientist at University College London has challenged（挑戰(zhàn)）this idea. According to an article last October on the Journal Nature, scientists are beginning to think that our IQ is not a constant（不變的）score.
The scientists tested 33 healthy young people in 2004 between the ages of 12 and 16. Then they did tests again four years later, when the same people were between 16 and 20.
Scientists found big changes in the IQ scores between 2008 and 2004. Some  33 and some fell  34 as many as 21 points.
To test whether these scores were meaningful, the scientists compared them with results from brain scans（掃描）. They found that the IQ changes matched changes in the structure（結(jié)構(gòu)）of the subjects’ brains. “A change in 20 points is a huge  35 ,” said Professor Cathy Price, who led the research. He said it could mean the difference between an average and a  36 person. The team has not found a clear cause for these changes. However, they say it is  37 that education plays a role in changing IQ.
“Here we have shown that children’s  38 is likely to be still developing, ” says Price. “We have to be careful not to write off  39 performers at an early stage. In fact, their IQ may improve in a few more years. ”

IQ（intelligence quotient智商）is a score that shows a person’s level of intelligence.

    People used to believe that some people are born with a high IQ and some aren’t.

      32  , a study by scientist at University College London has challenged（挑戰(zhàn)）this idea. According to an article last October on the Journal Nature, scientists are beginning to think that our IQ is not a constant（不變的）score.

    The scientists tested 33 healthy young people in 2004 between the ages of 12 and 16. Then they did tests again four years later, when the same people were between 16 and 20.

    Scientists found big changes in the IQ scores between 2008 and 2004. Some  33  and some fell  34  as many as 21 points.

    To test whether these scores were meaningful, the scientists compared them with results from brain scans（掃描）. They found that the IQ changes matched changes in the structure（結(jié)構(gòu)）of the subjects’ brains. “A change in 20 points is a huge  35  ,” said Professor Cathy Price, who led the research. He said it could mean the difference between an average and a  36  person. The team has not found a clear cause for these changes. However, they say it is  37  that education plays a role in changing IQ.

    “Here we have shown that children’s  38  is likely to be still developing, ” says Price. “We have to be careful not to write off  39  performers at an early stage. In fact, their IQ may improve in a few more years. ”

1.A. And            B. However      C. Besides      D. Though

2.A. rise           B. rose         C. raise            D. raised

3.A. of         B. with         C. by           D. from

4.A. difference     B. matter           C. thing            D. meaning

5.A. successful     B. gifted           C. able         D. rich

6.A. natural        B. true         C. certain          D. possible

7.A. score          B. intelligence     C. skill            D. interest

8.A. clever    B. prettier    C. nicer            D. poorer

Saying no starts small

“All right then — just one more piece...” Words every girl has said when they are faced with the delicious cheesecake. Of course, many of us know we may eat the whole thing in the end.

It isn’t just girls. Most of us find it hard to say “no” to something attractive. However, scientists now say that willpower is very important to success and a happy life.

Scientists in different countries have been studying the effects of willpower on people’s lives for a long time. The results are similar, according to an article on February 7 in the Guardian, a famous British newspaper.

In one experiment, scientists told young children that they could either have a marshmallow (圓形軟糖) now, or two marshmallows in 15 minutes. Waiting obviously needed more willpower. Scientists then continued studying the children as they grew up. They wanted to see if some children always had stronger willpower. They also wanted to see how having stronger willpower affected their lives.

Years later, scientists found that the children who had waited for two marshmallows were all healthier, happier and richer adults. Oppositely, the children who had shown weaker willpower at that young age were more likely to be in low-paid jobs, to be overweight, to have social problems.

But there is hope, Roy F Baumeister, an American social psychology(心理學(xué)) professor (教授) told the Guardian. Baumeister says we can train our willpower just like we train our muscles. Even a little practice can strengthen our overall self-control if we do it regularly.

You could start by making yourself stand up straight, speaking in complete sentences, or using a computer mouse with the other hand. Scientists have found that people who manage to change little habits often perform much better in laboratory willpower tests.

Like muscles, willpower can “get tired”. Don’t try to do too many things at the same time, or when you don’t have enough energy, for example when you are ill. If you already feel tired, you can try to recharge(恢復(fù)) your willpower with a good night’s sleep and by eating well.

30. The example of a girl eating cheesecake is used to

A. prove that girls have weak willpower

B. introduce the topic of willpower to the readers

C. show that cheesecake is especially attractive to girls

D. show the connection between willpower and success

31. What can we infer from the experiment?     

A. The scientists had already known the results before the experiment.

B. It showed that willpower is the most important to success and a happy life.

C. The children who chose to wait were more likely to be successful in their lives.     

D. The children who chose only one marshmallow at first had stronger willpower.

32. Which of the following is NOT mentioned about the training of willpower?

A. You should have a goal every day. 

B. Good rest and proper diet can help.

C. Willpower needs to be exercised regularly.

D. Keep willpower from being used too much.

33. What is the article mainly about?

A. How willpower and muscles are similar and how they can be trained.

B. How willpower affects people’s lives and how it is similar to muscles.

C. How willpower is important to success and how we can make it stronger.

D. How willpower is connected with success and how they affect each other.

完形填空，閱讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇最佳選項。

　　A

　　IQ(intelligence quotient智商)is a score that shows a person’s level of intelligence. People used to believe that some people are born with a high IQ and some aren’t.

　1 a study by scientist at University College London has challenged(挑戰(zhàn))this idea. According to an article last October on the Journal Nature, scientists are beginning to think that our IQ is not a constant(不變的)score.

　　The scientists tested 33 healthy young people in 2004 between the ages of 12 and 16. Then they did tests again four years later, when the same people were between 16 and 20.

　　Scientists found big changes in the IQ scores between 2008 and 2004. Some　2and some fell 3 as many as 21 points.

　　To test whether these scores were meaningful, the scientists compared them with results from brain scans(掃描). They found that the IQ changes matched changes in the structure(結(jié)構(gòu))of the subjects’ brains. “A change in 20 points is a huge 　4 ,” said Professor Cathy Price, who led the research. He said it could mean the difference between an average and a 　5 person. The team has not found a clear cause for these changes. However, they say it is 　6 that education plays a role in changing IQ. “Here we have shown that children’s 　7 is likely to be still developing, ” says Price. “We have to be careful not to write off 　8 performers at an early stage. In fact, their IQ may improve in a few more years. ”

　  1 A. And B. However C. Besides D. Though

　  2 A. rise B. rose C. raise D. raised

　  3 A. of B. with C. by D. from

　　4 A. difference B. matter C. thing D. meaning

　　5 A. successful B. gifted C. able D. rich

　　6 A. natural B. true C. certain D. possible

　  7 A. score B. intelligence C. skill D. interest

　　8 A. clever B. prettier C. nicer D. poorer

　　B

　　As darkness fell, hundreds of people in the Swiss village left their houses. They were staring(注視)forward at the mountain top in the distance. It was covered with ice and snow-beautiful and dangerous.

　　The huge mountain is called Matterhorn. Mountain climbers had 　9 the top through the southern route(路線). But no one had ever dared to try a winter climbing up the northern side. But now one man was daring to try the 10 route. He was Walter Bonatti, a great mountain climber 　11 Italy. For two days he had climbed. The village people had watched him anxiously(焦慮). Now they were waiting to see his signal. If he planned to 　12 the next day, he would light(點燃)a green signal(信號). A red light would mean that he was turning back. A tiny green light 13 high on the mountain side. Bonatti was not giving up! The people 　14. The next day he continued his way upward. He was so lonely and so 　15 ! But he would not give up. Again that night he lit the green light. In the morning, Bonatti 16 . He could not see the top;he knew he was 17there. Though the climb was painful, he moved up. Bonatti had spent months 　18for the climb. Was the training enough? Did he have the strength and skill to climb to the top? He was finally at the top! News about his. 　19 was radioed to the world.

　　The trip down the southern route was easy. He was warmly welcomed in the village. He had done the “ 　20” and would be well remembered as a climber of all time.

　　 9A. reached B. passed C. watched D. followed

　　10A. comfortable B. important C. difficult D. nervous

　　11 A. with B. from C. in D. at

　　12 A. turn back B. come down C. go on D. get back

13A. placed B. appeared C. pulled D. found

　　14 A. cried B. laughed C. jumped D. cheered

　　15 A. sleepy B. excited C. tired D. happy

　　16 A. woke up B. turned up C. got up D. looked up

　  17 A. already B. almost C. hardly D. surely

　  18A. training B. practising C. planning D. asking

　  19 A. importance B. success C. climb D. courage

　  20A. necessary B. dangerous C. perfect D. impossible

A young mother set her feet on the pathway of the life. “Is the way long?”

And her guide said, “Yes, and the way is hard. And you will be old __31__ you reach the end of it, but the end will be better than the beginning.” But the young mother was happy and would not __32__ anything could be better than these years. So she __33__ with her children and gathered flowers for them along the way and bathed with them in the clear springs. The sun shone on them, and life was good. And the young mother cried, “ Nothing will be __34__ than this.”

Then the night came. And the storm (暴風(fēng)雨) __35__ them and the path was dark, and the children shook with __36__ and cold. And the mother drew them close and covered them with her clothes, and the children said, “ Oh, Mum, we are not afraid, for you are __37__, and we know that no harm (傷害) can come to us.” And the mother said, “This is better than the __38__ of the day, for I have taught my __39__ courage.”

And the morning came. There was a hill ahead, and the children __40__ it and soon grew tired. And the mother was __41__, too. But she said to the children, “ A little patience and we are there.” So the children climbed and climbed, and when they reached the top, they said, “Mum, we __42__ not have done it without you.” And when the mother lay down to sleep that night, she __43__at the stars and said, “This is a better day than the __44__ , for my children have learned determination(決心) in the face of __45__. Yesterday I gave them courage—today I gave them strength.”

(    )31. A. after                 B. before               C. since         D. until

(    )32. A. know                  B. believe           C. feel                     D. find

(    )33. A. worked            B. stayed                 C. played               D. studied

(    )34. A. worse                     B. better            C. easier           D. sadder

(    )35. A. hit                    B. beat                     C. took                   D. carried

(    )36. A. excitement        B. happiness      C. interest        D. fear

(    )37. A. far                B. away                    C. near                    D. out

(    )38. A. coldest             B. coolest                     C. darkest             D. brightest

(    )39. A. students           B. classmates               C. friends              D. children

(    )40. A. walked                 B. moved               C. climbed             D. flew

(    )41. A. tired                 B. happy                  C. angry                  D. proud

(    )42. A. will                  B. can                      C. could          D. shouldn’t

(    )43. A. looked over       B. looked on     C. looked after    D. looked up

(    )44. A. last                  B. next                     C. latest           D. second

(    )45. A. dark                 B. difficulties         C. failure        D. success